In GIS, what does the term "metadata" primarily refer to?

In GIS, the term "metadata" primarily refers to data that describes other data. Metadata serves as a critical component in understanding the context, quality, condition, and characteristics of the main dataset. It includes information such as the source of the data, the date it was collected, the method of collection, the scale, and any limitations or considerations regarding its use.

For instance, when working with a GIS dataset, metadata helps users comprehend how the data was created, what it represents, and how it can be used effectively in analysis or decision-making processes. This descriptive information is essential for ensuring data interoperability and assisting users in evaluating the reliability and relevance of the dataset for their specific needs.