What does metadata refer to in GIS?

Metadata in GIS refers to data about data. It provides essential information that helps users understand the characteristics, quality, and context of the data they are working with. This includes details such as the source of the data, its accuracy, the date of creation, the methods used for collection, and any relevant constraints on data usage. By having access to this information, users can assess the reliability and relevance of the data for their specific needs.

While options like layer descriptions, geo-referencing information, and data collection methods are important components of a GIS project and can be part of the metadata, they do not encompass the broader concept of metadata itself. Metadata serves as a comprehensive framework that encapsulates all this information and more, ensuring that users have a complete understanding of the datasets they are engaging with.