Which of the following is NOT a type of data commonly used in GIS?

The correct answer identifies a type of data that is not commonly categorized under typical GIS data types. Spatial data refers to information about the physical location and shape of geographic features, which is essential in GIS as it forms the backbone of mapping and analysis. Geospatial data is a more specific category of spatial data that also incorporates additional context, such as coordinates and geographic identifiers.

Non-spatial data encompasses attributes and information that do not directly relate to the physical location of features on the earth's surface. This type of data is frequently used alongside spatial data to provide context or descriptive elements about the features being analyzed.

While temporal data describes elements that change over time and can be vital in analyzing trends or changes within the geographic context, it is not one of the standard categories like spatial or non-spatial data. Temporal data can be useful in GIS applications, but it is not classified as a traditional type of data like spatial, geospatial, or non-spatial data, making it the correct choice in this context.